Often connections are TCP based, but sometimes UDP is all you have to test with, so I was quite surprised that testing that was quite forward. The solutions by [Wayback/Archive] How to Do a UDP Ping in Linux works on any platform where you can have nmap or netcat on installed (which by now is almost all platforms including Windows):
Archive for the ‘BSD’ Category
How to Do a UDP Ping in Linux
Posted by jpluimers on 2026/01/07
Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, Apple, BSD, Mac OS X / OS X / MacOS, netcat, nmap, Power User, Windows | Leave a Comment »
Interesting take by Florian Roth on Twitter: “First security application I install on … “” covering various platforms (both server and workstation) with tools that are easy and quick to install
Posted by jpluimers on 2025/05/26
[Wayback/Archive] Florian Roth on Twitter: “First security application I install on … macOS: LittleSnitch Linux Server: Fail2ban Linux Workstation: etckeeper Windows Workstation: GlassWire Windows Server: Sysmon — What are yours?”
Full thread at [Wayback/Archive] Thread by @cyb3rops on Thread Reader App
Some interesting responses to the original tweet, hence me saving it.
–jeroen
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GitHub – walles/moar: Moar is a pager. It’s designed to just do the right thing without any configuration.
Posted by jpluimers on 2025/05/08
Having used less for 40+ years now, I wonder how moar measures up to it: [Wayback/Archive] GitHub – walles/moar: Moar is a pager. It’s designed to just do the right thing without any configuration.
Features I at least expect are in [Wayback/Archive] less: display the contents of a file in a terminal | less Commands | Man Pages | ManKier.
Via [Wayback/Archive] Johan Walles recently commenting on [Wayback/Archive] linux – How can I have less automatically decompress xz files like it did with gz files on my old SUSE distro? – Super User.
--jeroen
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Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, Apple, BSD, Development, Go (golang), Mac, Mac OS X / OS X / MacOS, Power User, Software Development | Leave a Comment »
H3/H2 Net Card – ODROID – wonder how well pfSense supports it
Posted by jpluimers on 2025/04/18
I wonder how well [Wayback/Archive] H3/H2 Net Card – ODROID is supported by pfSense. It is an M.2 based PCIe network card that adds 4 ethernet ports of 2.5 gigabit each to an ODROID H2 or H3 series (so you have 6 ports total), ideal for some hefty router.
Pictures (from the above link) of the board, cases and mainboard below.
But first: Realtek NICs is not vendor supported on FreeBSD (which pfSense and OPNsense are based on).
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Posted in *nix, BSD, Ethernet, FreeBSD, Hardware, Network-and-equipment, pfSense, Power User, routers | Tagged: homelab, serverbuilds | Leave a Comment »
ropg/ipocalypse: FreeBSD jails with web servers on a single IPv4 address
Posted by jpluimers on 2022/08/04
Rob Gongrijp has this nice repository [Wayback/Archive.is] ropg/ipocalypse: FreeBSD jails with web servers on a single IPv4 address:
…
To deal with web servers (which all need to be reached at ports 80 (http) and 443 (https), I describe a convenient Apache reverse proxy setup in its own jail, and the management script I wrote to make things super-easy.
…
Via [Archive.is] ᖇ⦿ᖘ Gonggrijp on Twitter: “HOWTO for setting up a FreeBSD host with multiple jails running web servers on a single IPv4 address. (No rocket science: just a general HOWTO plus an easy certificate management / reverse proxy script which also works on other systems with adaptation.) … “
With an interesting response [Archive.is] corbosman on Twitter: “I use kubernetes/traefik pretty much like that, and before that docker/traefik. It’s getting more and more difficult to get IP space at all.… “
–jeroen
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Kris on Twitter is a bit radical against shell scripts. Learn why.
Posted by jpluimers on 2022/04/13
I say to people: only use shell interactively, don’t write scripts. Never. Not one.
But Kris, they ask, why so radical?
Because of this:
is the literal English Google Translation of the German text
Ich sage den Leuten: benutzt Shell nur interaktiv, schreibt keine Scripte. Nie. Nicht eines.
Aber Kris, fragen sie, wieso so Radikal?
Deswegen:
then links to [Wayback/Archive] Jan Schaumann on Twitter: “TIL zgrep(1) is a shell script. BSD basically does “zcat | grep”, but GNU does “gzip -dc | sed”. How did I learn that? The fun way! CVE-2022-1271, arbitrary-file-write and code execution vulnerability in GNU zgrep / gzip. …”:
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Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, Apple, ash/dash, ash/dash development, bash, bash, BSD, Development, Mac, Mac OS X / OS X / MacOS, Power User, Scripting, Software Development | Leave a Comment »
htop – an interactive process viewer for Unix
Posted by jpluimers on 2017/12/25
Great tool: [WayBack] htop – an interactive process viewer for Unix because it’s both interactive and supports a wide range of OSes: Linux, FreeBSD, OpenBSD and Mac OS X.
Thanks to Warren Postma who suggested it in his comment at [WayBack] 18 Useful Commands to Get Hardware Information on Linux – Linuxslaves.
Note that on OS X you get this warning after brew install htop :
htop requires root privileges to correctly display all running processes,
so you will need to run `sudo htop`.
You should be certain that you trust any software you grant root privileges.
On Linux you don’t get this message as there you have the /proc file system providing enough information as explained at [WayBack] osx – Why does htop on Mac OS X require root privileges to see data for all processes, but on Linux it runs without root – Super User.
A workaround (involving the setuid bit) is at [WayBack] Running htop on Mac OS X needs root. Why?! | Blog | JoeNyland.me or by running visudo ensuring you don’t need a password for it at [WayBack] osx – htop isn’t returning CPU or memory usage!? – Super User
–jeroen
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Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, Apple, BSD, Linux, Mac OS X / OS X / MacOS, macOS 10.12 Sierra, OS X 10.11 El Capitan, OS X 10.9 Mavericks, Power User | Leave a Comment »
ducks: How Do I Find The Largest Top 10 Files and Directories On a Linux / UNIX / BSD?
Posted by jpluimers on 2017/03/20
Explains how to find out top 10 files and directories under Unix / Linux using sort and du command in human-readable format.
Interesting, especially
alias 'ducks=du -cks * | sort -rn | head'
Source: How Do I Find The Largest Top 10 Files and Directories On a Linux / UNIX / BSD?
via: Joe C. Hecht and nixCraft.
–jeroen
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Determining the current shell in *n*x variants including ESXi
Posted by jpluimers on 2017/02/08
On most systems, I use bash as shell, but not all systems have it, for instance the shell.xs4all.nl server uses tcsh and ESXi 4+ uses a very limited ash shell from busybox (ESX 4 had bash though).
There is this huge script that covers many shell and operating system versions (even DOS, Windows) and interpreters (python, ruby, php, etc) what shell is this which I got through Stéphane Chazelas‘s answer in linux – determine shell in script during runtime – Unix & Linux Stack Exchange
I wanted a shorter thing that works in current Linux, BSD, OS X and ESXi versions.
Some very short scripts are less reliable, for instance echo $SHELL looks nice, but isn’t always set.
Similar for echo $0 which will fail for instance if it shows as sh but in fact is a different shell in disguise.
This works for bash, tcsh and busybox sh, is a bit more precise than getting $0. It’s based on HOWTO: Detect bash from shell script – Stack Overflow:
lsof -p $$ | awk '(NR==2) {print $1}'
But on ESXi it shows this because lsof doesn’t take any parameter there and just dumps all information:
----------+---------------------+---------------------+--------+------------------
It’s because lsof on ESXi always shows this header where Cartel and World aren’t exactly well documented:
Cartel | World name | Type | fd | Description
----------+---------------------+---------------------+--------+------------------
Empirically for non VM related processes, it looks like the Cartel is the PID and World name the command.
On Linux and BSD based systems, the header looks like this, so command and PID are reversed in ESXi:
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
This command then works on both ESXi, OS X, Linux and BSD assuming you can word search for the PID and noting that PID/command will be reversed on ESXi as compared to OSX/Linux/BSD:
lsof -p $$ | grep -w $$ | awk '(NR==2) {print $1,$2}'
–jeroen
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Posted in Apple, bash, BSD, Development, iMac, Mac, Mac OS X / OS X / MacOS, Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger, Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard, Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard, Mac OS X 10.7 Lion, MacBook, MacBook Retina, MacBook-Air, MacBook-Pro, MacMini, OS X 10.10 Yosemite, OS X 10.11 El Capitan, OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion, OS X 10.9 Mavericks, Power User, Scripting, Software Development | Leave a Comment »
Make A Bootable Windows 10 USB Install Stick On Linux With WinUSB Fork ~ Web Upd8: Ubuntu / Linux blog
Posted by jpluimers on 2016/07/29
One day I’m going to need this: Make A Bootable Windows 10 USB Install Stick On Linux With WinUSB Fork ~ Web Upd8: Ubuntu / Linux blog
So I’m glad WinUSB (which hadn’t been maintained for a long time) got forked on github by slaka.
Since my day-to-day unix-like system is OS X, I’d love a good working solution there too which means I probably need to investigate a bit along these lines:
- Using diskpart in a Windows VM (which is kind of backwards):
- diskpart and copying at Creating a Bootable Windows 7 USB Disk in OS X ML – post #18 | MacRumors Forums
- this should include getting the bootsector at Creating a Bootable Windows 7 USB Disk in OS X ML – post #23 | MacRumors Forums / Source: Creating a Bootable Windows 7 USB Disk in OS X ML – post #24 | MacRumors Forums
- Using Disk Utility and UEFI (only works for Windows 8 and up):
- Using Boot Camp Assistant and a modified Info.plist (which for El Capitan needs some extra work):
- Create a Windows 7 / 8 Bootable USB Drive with Mac – COMPLETE SOLUTION – Michael Anastasiou | Michael Anastasiou
- Works way better than using How to Copy an ISO to a USB Drive from Mac OS X with dd (this link is to the comment explaining Boot Camp Assitant is way better)
–jeroen
via: Make A Bootable Windows 10 USB Install Stick On Linux With WinUSB Fork WebUpd8 – Google+ / DoorToDoorGeek “Stephen McLaughlin” – Google+
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The Wiert Corner - irregular stream of stuff 