Because of [Archive] PragmaticProgrammers on Twitter: “Helpful Unix trick: use script to log your session. …” / Twitter:
- Linux:
- Windows
–jeroen
Archive for the ‘*nix’ Category
On my list of *n*x things to play with: script and ttyrec
Posted by jpluimers on 2023/01/26
Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, ash/dash, bash, bash, Batch-Files, Development, Power User, Scripting, Software Development | Leave a Comment »
veltman/clmystery: A command-line murder mystery; an interactive tutorial for learning the *n*x command-line
Posted by jpluimers on 2023/01/18
Since I’m on a series of interactive tutorial sites, yesterday’s The SQL Murder Mystery made me bump into a project by [Archive] Noah Veltman (@veltman) / Twitter: [Wayback/Archive] veltman/clmystery: A command-line murder mystery
There’s been a murder in Terminal City, and TCPD needs your help.
To figure out whodunit, you need access to a command line.
Once you’re ready, clone this repo, or download it as a zip file.
Open a Terminal, go to the location of the files, and start by reading the file ‘instructions’.
I did a quick [Archive] clmystery – Twitter Search / Twitter and found the first ever Twitter mention to be this one from 2013 (boy, have I been living under a stone <g>): [Archive] RoR Group on Twitter: “A command-line murder mystery (clmystery) …” / Twitter.
Cool things:
- one web-page that fits all [Wayback/Archive] Commits · veltman/clmystery
- a solution using Python (which lots of single and dual character variable names for “clarity”): [Wayback/Archive] CLMystery as a python “one-liner” (well, one expression)
–jeroen
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Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, Apple, Development, Interactive Tutorials, Learning/Teaching, LifeHacker, Linux, Mac OS X / OS X / MacOS, Power User, Software Development, Terminal | Leave a Comment »
Chris Bensen on Raspberry Pi and clusters
Posted by jpluimers on 2022/12/29
Oracle’s Pi Supercomputer ; click on the image for a larger version.
In 2019 ans 2020, [Archive] Chris Bensen and his [Archive] Oracle Groundbreakers team built a really large Raspberry Pi cluster of more than 1k pies, all network booting to become a cluster. It was for instance covered in the [Wayback/Archive] Building the World’s Largest Raspberry Pi Cluster – DZone IoT.
On his [Wayback/Archive] personal blog, he wrote a few posts like [Wayback/Archive] Chris Bensen: Raspberry Pi Overlay Root Filesystem and [Wayback/Archive] Chris Bensen: Get MAC Address for a Pi Cluster.
It made me also bump into [Wayback/Archive] Building the world’s largest Raspberry Pi cluster early 2020,
Since that wast right after the start of my rectum cancer treatment which lasted longer and, because of I got metastases a few months after radiation treatment, required more treatments than anticipated, I put a note in my bog drafts and kind of lost track.
So I was glad that in fall 2021, I bumped into the draft and found an almost year old post [Wayback/Archive] Chris Bensen: All Raspberry Pi Super Computer Posts in One Spot which is an index in all the blog posts and videos that Chris and his team produced on this project.
I then also learned the cluster had been shown on [Wayback/Archive] Oracle OpenWorld 2019, Breakthrough Starts Here and was covered in the [Archive] Top 10 Raspberry Pi Projects of 2019 | Tom’s Hardware (where I got the [Wayback/Archive] Oracle World 2019 having the 1k+ node Raspberry Pi cluster on display picture shown on the right from).
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Posted in *nix, Development, Hardware Development, Linux, OracleLinux, Power User, Raspberry Pi | Leave a Comment »
Getting your public IP address from the command-line when http and https are blocked: use DNS
Posted by jpluimers on 2022/12/28
Years ago, I wrote Getting your public IP address from the command-line. All methods were http based, so were very easy to execute using cURL.
But then in autumn 2021, Chris Bensen wrote this cool little blog-post [Wayback/Archive] Chris Bensen: How do I find my router’s public IP Address from the command line?:
dig -4 TXT +short o-o.myaddr.l.google.com @ns1.google.com
At first sight, I thought it was uncool, as the command was quite long and there was no explanation of the dig command trick.
But then, knowing that dig is a DNS client, it occurred to me: this perfectly works when http and https are disabled by your firewall, but the DNS protocol works and gives the correct result:
# dig -4 TXT +short o-o.myaddr.l.google.com @ns1.google.com "80.100.143.119"
This added the below commands and aliases to my tool chest for *nix based environments like Linux and MacOS (not sure yet about Windows yet :), but that still doesn’t explain why it worked. So I did some digging…
IPv4
- command:
dig -4 TXT +short o-o.myaddr.l.google.com @ns1.google.com - command removing outer double quotes:
dig -4 TXT +short o-o.myaddr.l.google.com @ns1.google.com | xargs - alias:
alias "whatismyipv4_dns=dig -4 TXT +short o-o.myaddr.l.google.com @ns1.google.com | xargs"
IPv6
- command:
dig -6 TXT +short o-o.myaddr.l.google.com @ns1.google.com - command removing outer double quotes:
dig -6 TXT +short o-o.myaddr.l.google.com @ns1.google.com | xargs - alias:
alias "whatismyipv6_dns=dig -6 TXT +short o-o.myaddr.l.google.com @ns1.google.com | xargs"
How it works
Let’s stick to dig and IPv4 as that not having IPv6 (regrettably still) is the most common situation today:
# dig -4 TXT +short o-o.myaddr.l.google.com @ns1.google.com "80.100.143.119"
What it does is request the DNS TXT record of o-o.myaddr.l.google.com from the Google DNS server ns1.google.com and returns the WAN IPv4 address used in the DNS request, which is for instance explained in [Wayback/Archive] What is the mechanics behind “dig TXT o-o.myaddr.l.google.com @ns1.google.com” : linuxadmin.
Since these are TXT records, dig will automatically double quote them, which xargs can remove (see below how and why):
# dig -4 TXT +short o-o.myaddr.l.google.com @ns1.google.com | xargs 80.100.143.119
The DNS query will fail when requesting the Google Public DNS servers 8.8.8.8 or 8.8.4.4:
# dig -4 TXT +short o-o.myaddr.l.google.com @8.8.8.8 "2a00:1450:4013:c1a::103" "edns0-client-subnet 80.101.239.0/24"
Or, with quotes removed (the -L 1 ensures that xargs performs the quote-pair removal action on each line):
# dig -4 TXT +short o-o.myaddr.l.google.com @8.8.8.8 | xargs -L 1 2a00:1450:4013:c1a::103 edns0-client-subnet 80.101.239.0/24
This request is both slower than requesting the ns1.google.com server and wrong.
The reason is that only ns1.google.com understands the special o-o.myaddr.l.google.com hostname which instructs it to return the IP address of the requesting dig DNS client.
That 8.8.8.8 returns a different IP address and an additional edns0-client-subnet with less accurate information is explained in an answer to [Wayback/Archive] linux – Getting the WAN IP: difference between HTTP and DNS – Stack Overflow by [Wayback/Archive] argaz referring to this cool post: [Wayback/Archive] Which CDNs support edns-client-subnet? – CDN Planet.
Not just ns1.google.com: any DNS server serving the google.com domain
Since o-o.myaddr.l.google.com is part of the google.com domain, the above works for any DNS server serving the google.com domain (more on that domain: [Wayback/Archive] General DNS overview | Google Cloud).
Getting the list of DNS servers is similar to getting the list of MX servers which I explained in Getting the IP addresses of gmail MX servers, replacing MX record type (main exchange) with the NS record type (name server) and the gmail.com domain with the google.com domain:
# dig @8.8.8.8 +short NS google.com ns3.google.com. ns1.google.com. ns2.google.com. ns4.google.com.
The ns1.google.com DNS server is a special one of the NS servers: it is the start of authority server, which you can query using the SOA record type that also gives slightly more details for this server:
# dig @8.8.8.8 +short SOA google.com ns1.google.com. dns-admin.google.com. 410477869 900 900 1800 60
The difference between using NS and SOA records with dig are explained in the [Wayback] dns – How do I find the authoritative name-server for a domain name? – Stack Overflow answer by [Wayback/Archive] bortzmeyer who also explains how to help figuring out SOA and NS discrepancies (note to self: check out the check_soa tool originally by Michael Fuhr (I could not find recent content of him, so he might have passed away) of which source code is now at [Wayback/Archive] Net-DNS/check_soa at master · NLnetLabs/Net-DNS).
So this works splendid as well using ns4.google.com on my test system:
# dig -4 TXT +short o-o.myaddr.l.google.com @ns4.google.com | xargs 80.100.143.119
The xargs removes outer quotes removal trick
[Wayback/Archive] string – Shell script – remove first and last quote (“) from a variable – Stack Overflow (thanks quite anonymous [Wayback/Archive] user1587520):
> echo '"quoted"' | xargs quoted
xargsusesechoas the default command if no command is provided and strips quotes from the input.
More on https versus DNS requests
Some notes are in [Wayback/Archive] How to get public IP address from Linux shell, but note the telnet trick now fails as myip.gelma.net is gone (latest live version was archived in the Wayback Machine in august 2019).
Via
- [Archive] Jeroen Wiert Pluimers on Twitter: “Hi @chrisbensen, I just saw … I use this alias: alias
whatismyipv4='curl ipv4.whatismyip.akamai.com && echo'It’s a quite a bit shorter than the dig construct in your post (;” - [Wayback/Archive] Chris Bensen on Twitter: “I’ll edit the post tomorrow.… “
- [Archive] Jeroen Wiert Pluimers on Twitter: “I gave your post some more thought. The cool thing about your dig command is that it works when http traffic is blocked, and DNS traffic is allowed. That is an important point to make, as in some situations, this can actually be the case.… “
–jeroen
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Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, Apple, bash, bash, Batch-Files, Communications Development, Development, DNS, Internet protocol suite, Linux, Mac, Mac OS X / OS X / MacOS, Power User, Scripting, Software Development, TCP | Leave a Comment »
Exporting your Twitter content, converting to Markdown and getting the image alt-texts (thanks @isotopp/@HBeckPDX/@weiglemc for the info and @kcgreenn/@dreamjar for the comic!)
Posted by jpluimers on 2022/11/12
This is fine #Twitter (illustration inspired by KC Green; creation video below)
(Edit 20221114: script for high-res images; more tweets from Jan) (Edit 20221116: hat-tip to Sam) (Edit 20221120: archiving t.co links by Michele Weigle) (Edit 20221122: added article by Johan van der Knijff) (20221128 Tapue export tool by Mike Hucka)
Time to be prepared:
- [Wayback/Archive] Zoë Schiffer on Twitter: “Wow. Elon Musk just told Twitter employees he’s not sure how much run rate the company has and “bankruptcy isn’t out of the question.””
- [Wayback/Archive] Brian Platt on Twitter: “Staff who have departed Twitter today: – chief information security officer – chief privacy officer – chief compliance officer – global head of safety – global head of ad sales”
[Wayback/Archive] Elon Musk Warns Twitter Bankruptcy Possible as Senior Executives Exit – Bloomberg
The below will help you exporting your Twitter content (Tweets, DMs, media), perform some conversions on them and optionally delete (parts of) your content.
Important: keep your Twitter account afterwards (to prevent someone from creating a new account with the same handle).
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Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, Awk, Development, Lightweight markup language, MarkDown, Mastodon, Power User, SocialMedia, Software Development, Twitter | Leave a Comment »
The Wiert Corner - irregular stream of stuff 