Cool: you can return strings both as a function result, and by reference: they are explained in the question, second and fourth answer of [WayBack] How to return a string value from a Bash function – Stack Overflow.
Returning them by reference has two important benefits:
- it is much faster (especially useful in tight loop)
- you can use
echo (normally used to return a result) for debugging purposes
I also needed a bit of switch magic which I found at [WayBack] bash – Switch case with fallthrough? – Stack Overflow and array magic (from [WayBack] Array variables) as arrays are far more readable than indirection (on the why not, see [WayBack] BashFAQ/006 – Greg’s Wiki: How can I use variable variables (indirect variables, pointers, references) or associative arrays?).
So here is a function that returns a specific IPv4 octet.
function getIpv4Octet() {
IPv4=$1
octetIndex=$2
outputVariable=$3
slice="${IPv4}"
count=1
while [ "${count}" -le 4 ]
do
octet[${count}]="${slice%%.*}"
slice="${slice#*.}"
count=$((count+1))
done
case "${octetIndex}" in
"1" | "2" | "3" | "4")
;;
*)
octetIndex="4"
;;
esac
eval $outputVariable="${octet[$octetIndex]}"
}
You call it like this:
$ getIpv4Octet "192.168.178.32" 3 result && echo ${result}
178
–jeroen
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