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Jeroen W. Pluimers on .NET, C#, Delphi, databases, and personal interests

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Archive for the ‘Linux’ Category

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zypper installing from a non-standard repository

Posted by jpluimers on 2016/11/25

I got a bit lost in the woods of implicit URLs between various places.

All I wanted is to install software.opensuse.org: Install package server:monitoring / lnav preferably from the link http://software.opensuse.org/ymp/server:monitoring/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/lnav.ymp

It’s the OpenSuSE package for The Log File Navigator which I found based on the recommendation “The Log File Navigator – Joe C. Hecht – Google+“.

The package was in a non-standard repository “server:monitoring”, but shortening the package link doesn’t get you there:

These do however (thanks tacit):

From both, it’s just a couple of clicks away to the lnav packages:

Zypper doesn’t allow you to install one-click install ymp links like http://software.opensuse.org/ymp/server:monitoring/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/lnav.ymp

But OCICLI (one-click install CLI) does. And yes, unlike most console commands IT’S IN UPPERCASE. You can use it like this (note the warning):

OCICLI http://software.opensuse.org/ymp/server:monitoring/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/lnav.ymp

OCICLI is fully compatible with zypper as OCICLI uses YaST and libzypp as underlying technology and zypper uses libzypp.

The yml files are metadata offering to add one or more repositories and install one or more packets or patterns. OCICLI automates that process.

Another option is to manually add the repository using zypper, then install lnav from zypper. There is no URL to this (again; are these the virtues of Web 2.0?) you have to click a few times:

  1. Go to https://software.opensuse.org/download.html?project=server:monitoring&package=lnav
  2. Click on openSUSE
  3. Click on Add repository and install manually
  4. Under openSUSE Tumbleweed, look for this code

zypper addrepo http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/server:monitoring/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/server:monitoring.repo
zypper refresh
zypper install lnav

Installing using OCICLI

As currently there is a bug in OCICLI, it will show a warning: Warning: unable to close filehandle properly: Bad file descriptor, <STDIN> line 7 during global destruction (#1) which I reported:

Read the rest of this entry »

Posted in *nix, Linux, openSuSE, Power User, SuSE Linux, Tumbleweed | Leave a Comment »

Inspecting/unpacking a Linux rpm file on Mac OS X

Posted by jpluimers on 2016/11/18

You need this statement to unpack an rpm file on Mac OS X without having rpm installed:

rpm2cpio ##filename.rpm## | cpio -idmv

This will make rpm2cpio unpack the rpm file in the current directory using these cpio options:

  • i – use the rpm2cpoio as unput
  • d – created directories when needed
  • m – set modification timestamps from the archive
  • v – verbose filenames to stderr

cpio is already part of the Mac OS X system.

You can get rpm2cpio through homebrew by typing brew install rpm2cpio which will likely also download he xz dependency.

–jeroen

via: rhel – Open a RPM on a Mac? – Unix & Linux Stack Exchange

Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, Apple, iMac, Linux, Mac, Mac OS X / OS X / MacOS, MacBook, MacBook Retina, MacBook-Air, MacBook-Pro, MacMini, OS X 10.10 Yosemite, OS X 10.11 El Capitan, OS X 10.9 Mavericks, Power User, rpm | Leave a Comment »

tmux attach to named session or create when it doesn’t exist yet – via: How to start tmux with attach if a session exists – Unix & Linux Stack Exchange

Posted by jpluimers on 2016/11/16

In my alias list:

alias "tmux-attach-or-create-main-session=tmux new-session -A -s main"

Via User Wesley Baugh – Unix & Linux Stack Exchange who answered:

If naming your session is okay, then it’s easy to do with the new-session command:

tmux new-session -A -s main

where main is the session name that will be attached to or created if needed.

From man tmux

 The -A flag makes new-session behave like attach-session if session-name already exists; in this case, -D behaves like -d to attach-session.

–jeroen

Source: How to start tmux with attach if a session exists – Unix & Linux Stack Exchange

Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, Linux, openSuSE, Power User, SuSE Linux, tmux | Leave a Comment »

OpenSuSE and logging: no more syslogd; journald is default, you can use rsyslog or syslog-NG as syslogd replacements

Posted by jpluimers on 2016/11/15

In the 1990s and early 2000s I did a lot of Unix-Like (Minix, SunOS, HP-UX, Xenox) and later Linux (mostly RedHat and SuSE) work. The internet and Linux weren’t as big as they are now and old stuff was still in use including syslogd.

So recently wanting to do more on the Linux side of things using OpenSuSE (as 15+ years ago, I spent most of my time with SuSE Linux) and assumed logging was still done using syslogd like Mac OS X does.

Boy, I was wrong. Like the internet and lots of other things, logging on OpenSuSE has fragmented in at least these three categories of which two syslog implementations (but syslogd is deprecated and – according to the URC Channel – unmaintained):

  • journald (installed by default on my Tumbleweed text-only systems)
  • rsyslog (which is supposed to be default on modern OpenSuSE installs but somehow isn’t on my Tumbleweed but is on 13.1 and 13.2)
  • syslog-ng
  • proprietary logging (of many applications in /var/log like named, apache, etc)

There seems to be heated debates on what to use when, so I’ll try to stick with the defaults as much as possible.

A few things I need to sort out:

  1. where is journald persisted?
  2. how can journald being rotated?
  3. what to do with packages that require one form of syslog or the other?
    • not sure yet
  4. can I direct journald to a syslog implementation?
  5. how does this apply to other distros?
    • not sure yet

Tonu Su (TSu2) posted an elaborate answer on the above questions on the OpenSuSE forums.

–jeroen

via:

Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, About, Linux, openSuSE, Power User, RedHat, SuSE Linux, Tumbleweed | 2 Comments »

Can I connect to or view abandoned ssh sessions?

Posted by jpluimers on 2016/11/14

Boy  I wish I had known about screen and tmux years ago. Screen is such a generic term that I never bumped into it, but tmux is easier to find and I like it more. When on the road, I regularly loose SSH sessions, so I’ve been starting tmux ever since I discovered it and reattach to it whenever needed thereby getting the same exact she’ll I was connected to.
http://unix.stackexchange.com/q/598/69111

–jeroen

Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, Communications Development, Development, Linux, openSuSE, Power User, SSH, SuSE Linux, TCP | Leave a Comment »

how to resize (grow) device partition of a multi-device BTRFS filesystem?

Posted by jpluimers on 2016/11/11

To grow you must first change the size of the container: the partition, the LV, or arraydevice. Then you can resize the file system. It’s the same with XFS, and NTFS. I’m only aware of Apple’sdiskutil resizevolume command that resizes the flavors of HFS+ and at the same time sets the new end valuefor the partition entry.

Source: Development of the BTRFS linux file system (not yet archived at the WayBack machine)

I will need the above for a single disk device having a BTRFS partition sandwiched between a swap and xfs partition:

# parted -l
Model: VMware Virtual disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 21.5GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start   End     Size    Type     File system     Flags
 1      1049kB  1562MB  1561MB  primary  linux-swap(v1)  type=82
 2      1562MB  17.7GB  16.1GB  primary  btrfs           boot, type=83
 3      17.7GB  21.5GB  3799MB  primary  xfs             type=83

I’ll likekly be:

  1. extend the disk inin ESXi
  2. use gparted to move the xfs partition to the end of the disk
  3. use gparted to extend the btrfs partition
  4. use btrfs to extend the volume inside the btrfs partition

I might be able to do all this from the gparted live CD as moving xfs and growing btrfs is on the GParted — Features list.

Fingers crossed. Luckily I’ve backups (:

–jeroen

Posted in *nix, ESXi4, ESXi5, ESXi5.1, ESXi5.5, ESXi6, Linux, openSuSE, Power User, SuSE Linux, Tumbleweed, VMware, VMware ESXi | Leave a Comment »

openSuSE Tumbleweed: solution for `ImportError: No module named pkg_resources`

Posted by jpluimers on 2016/11/11

If ever on openSuSE Tumbleweed you get an error ImportError: No module named pkg_resources then check you have the installed the python-setuptools package it is different from python3-setuptools which was installed by default but is not the default python used.

This is how to install it:

zypper install python-setuptools

Tools like speedtest-cli require it.

The odd thing: on a Mac, the homebrew speedtest-cli installed and ran with no additional packages needed:

retinambpro1tb:tmp jeroenp$ brew install speedtest-cli
==> Downloading https://github.com/sivel/speedtest-cli/archive/v0.3.2.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://codeload.github.com/sivel/speedtest-cli/tar.gz/v0.3.2
######################################################################## 100.0%
🍺 /usr/local/Cellar/speedtest_cli/0.3.2: 5 files, 52K, built in 2 seconds
retinambpro1tb:tmp jeroenp$ speedtest-cli
Retrieving speedtest.net configuration...
Retrieving speedtest.net server list...
Testing from Routit BV (37.153.243.246)...
Selecting best server based on latency...
Hosted by ExtraIP (Amersfoort) [3.99 km]: 6.488 ms
Testing download speed........................................
Download: 49.89 Mbit/s
Testing upload speed..................................................
Upload: 47.81 Mbit/s

(this is on one of my fiber connections back when it was 50/50 megabit).

Note that for both the web interface of speedtest.net and command-line versions (like Python based speedtest-cli) sometimes needs some fiddling with chosen servers and repeated measurements to get a consistent average as quite some factors can influence the measurements.

For my home location, this one gives me the most consistent results for my fiber connections (they’re so good and reliable that I don’t have ADSL or cable any more):

speedtest-cli --server 3629

You can get the list of servers ordered by increasing distance using this command:

speedtest-cli --list | head -n 20

–jeroen

Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, Internet, Linux, openSuSE, Power User, SpeedTest, SuSE Linux | 2 Comments »

parted “Error: Can’t have a partition outside the disk!” sometimes means you’ve a bogus DVD inserted

Posted by jpluimers on 2016/11/07

At first sight I thought I had a damaged partition table on the HDD, but then I realised it was a bogus DVD.

parted -l would give me this:

Error: Can't have a partition outside the disk!
Ignore/Cancel? i                                                          
Error: Can't have a partition outside the disk!
Ignore/Cancel? i                                                          
Model: NECVMWar VMware IDE CDR10 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sr0: 4647MB
Sector size (logical/physical): 2048B/2048B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start   End     Size    Type     File system  Flags
 1      7340kB  23.9MB  16.5MB  primary               esp, type=ef
 2      23.9MB  18.6GB  18.6GB  primary               boot, hidden, type=17

A simple eject /dev/sr0 solved the issue.

Too bad there is no way to force parted to ignore errors (or specify a default answer).

–jeroen

Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, Linux, openSuSE, Power User, SuSE Linux, Tumbleweed | Leave a Comment »

What runs logrotate in OpenSUSE 13.2?

Posted by jpluimers on 2016/11/04

Historically, on many systems, logrotate is being ran from a daily cron job. Many tutorials still presume that, for instance HowTo: The Ultimate Logrotate Command Tutorial with 10 Examples.

I still thought it would and after writing On OpenSuSE, when adding Apache vhosts with their own log files don’t forget to update your logrotate configuration I was anxious to see when logrotate would run the second time.

So I tried finding it in the cron.daily and it wasn’t there.

OpenSuSE 13.2 changed how logrotate is inficated: from there on (including both Tumbleweed and LEAP) logrotate is ran from the systemd service:

logrotate is a systemd service in 13.2 (/usr/lib/systemd/system/logrotate.service) and it is run periodically by a systemd timer (not cron).

Have a look at /usr/lib/systemd/system/logrotate.timer and “man systemd.timer”.

You can view the status of the logrotate.timer that fires it every day:

systemctl status logrotate.timer

It triggers logrotate and reads the config in /etc/logrotate.conf for basic global settings and then files in /etc/logrotate.d/* for custom settings for specific files.

Which means you should not mess around with files in /etc/logrotate.d/ as each file there will be processed. So don’t leave around backup files ending in a tilde (~) or DEADJOE as it causes trouble:

Jul 07 00:00:02 revue logrotate[16121]: error: DEADJOE:5 lines must begin with a keyword or a filename (possibly in double quotes)
Jul 07 00:00:02 revue logrotate[16121]: error: DEADJOE:6 missing '{' after log files definition
Jul 07 00:00:02 revue logrotate[16121]: error: found error in file DEADJOE, skipping

There’s more you can do do debug logrotate behaviour

The below tips are all based on this thread: [Bug 913421] logrotate not running after update from 13.1 to 13.2

Show if the timer is there and counting:

# systemctl list-timers --all
NEXT                          LEFT          LAST                          PASSED    UNIT                         ACTIVATES
Fri 2016-07-08 00:00:00 CEST  5h 24min left Thu 2016-07-07 00:00:02 CEST  18h ago   logrotate.timer              logrotate.service
Fri 2016-07-08 17:51:53 CEST  23h left      Thu 2016-07-07 17:51:53 CEST  43min ago systemd-tmpfiles-clean.timer systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service

2 timers listed.

Show the status of the logrotate service itself:

# systemctl status logrotate.service --full
● logrotate.service - Rotate log files
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/logrotate.service; static; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Thu 2016-07-07 00:00:02 CEST; 18h ago
     Docs: man:logrotate(8)
           man:logrotate.conf(5)
  Process: 16121 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/logrotate /etc/logrotate.conf (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
 Main PID: 16121 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

Jul 07 00:00:02 revue logrotate[16121]: error: DEADJOE:5 lines must begin with a keyword or a filename (possibly in double quotes)
Jul 07 00:00:02 revue logrotate[16121]: error: DEADJOE:6 missing '{' after log files definition
Jul 07 00:00:02 revue logrotate[16121]: error: found error in file DEADJOE, skipping
Jul 07 00:00:02 revue logrotate[16121]: error: skipping "/var/log/squidGuard/squidGuard.log" because parent directory has insecure permissions (It's world writable or writable by group which is not "root") Set "su" directive in config file to tell logrotate which user/group should be used for rotation.
Jul 07 00:00:02 revue logrotate[16121]: compress_ext is /usr/bin/xz
Jul 07 00:00:02 revue logrotate[16121]: compress_ext was changed to .xz
Jul 07 00:00:02 revue systemd[1]: logrotate.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Jul 07 00:00:02 revue systemd[1]: Failed to start Rotate log files.
Jul 07 00:00:02 revue systemd[1]: logrotate.service: Unit entered failed state.
Jul 07 00:00:02 revue systemd[1]: logrotate.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.

The bottom lines are from journalctl -u logrotate which can show more information.

In this case, fixing both issues was easy: remove DEADJOE and correct the permissions on this empty directory:

# ls -al /var/log/squidGuard/
total 0
drwxrwx--- 1 squid squid   0 Jun 16 21:08 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 root  root  962 Jul  6 17:36 ..
# chmod 750 /var/log/squidGuard/
# ls -al /var/log/squidGuard/
total 0
drwxr-x--- 1 squid squid   0 Jun 16 21:08 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 root  root  962 Jul  6 17:36 ..

If you can’t wait for the timer to fire at midnight, you can invoke the logrotate service manually (after that wait until it is finished then do something like du -csh /var/log/* or list the files):

# systemctl start logrotate.service

–jeroen

via:

Posted in *nix, Linux, logrotate, openSuSE, Power User, SuSE Linux, Tumbleweed | Leave a Comment »

OpenSuSE fix “piix4_smbus 0000:00:07.3: SMBus Host Controller not enabled!”

Posted by jpluimers on 2016/11/01

If you see this in journalctl after boot in a VM, then you likely want to disable piix4 smbus device detection:

Jul 07 23:02:47 revue systemd-udevd[507]: maximum number (136) of children reached
Jul 07 23:02:47 revue systemd-udevd[507]: maximum number (136) of children reached
...
Jul 07 23:02:47 revue systemd-udevd[507]: maximum number (136) of children reached
Jul 07 23:02:47 revue systemd-udevd[507]: maximum number (136) of children reached
...
Jul 07 23:02:47 revue kernel: piix4_smbus 0000:00:07.3: SMBus Host Controller not enabled!

The solution is to add one line to /etc/modprobe.d/50-blacklist.conf  (well: maybe [WayBack] add a comment line as well):

blacklist i2c_piix4

via:

–jeroen

 

Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, bash, bash, Development, Linux, openSuSE, Power User, Scripting, Software Development, SuSE Linux, Tumbleweed | 2 Comments »

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