Still relevant, not limited to Delphi, though other environments often have a better warning system in place: [WayBack] Why does my Android application, compiled with Delphi Rio, no longer work?.
TL;DR: over time, Android and the development tools for it, require you to support more recent Android SDK levels.
Those SDK levels come with different requirements than past ones, so when recompiling, you need to check if you fulfill these requirements.
When you don’t, the application is likely to crash, sometimes without any indication why.
Via: [WayBack] Dalija Prasnikar – Google+ /
[WayBack] Dalija Prasnikar on Twitter: “Why does my Android application, compiled with Delphi Rio, no longer work?”
–jeroen