The Wiert Corner – irregular stream of stuff

Jeroen W. Pluimers on .NET, C#, Delphi, databases, and personal interests

  • My badges

    Mastodon

  • Twitter Updates

  • My Flickr Stream

    20140508-Delphi-2007--Project-Options--Cannot-Edit-Application-Title-HelpFile-Icon-Theming20140430-Fiddler-Filter-Actions-Button-Run-Filterset-now20140424-VMware-Fusion-6.0.3.-no-reclaimable
    More Photos

  • Pages

  • All categories

  • Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email.

    Join 1,861 other subscribers

Archive for the ‘Network-and-equipment’ Category

« Previous Entries
Next Entries »

Installing as a LAN -> WiFi bridge: FRITZ!WLAN Repeater 1750E

Posted by jpluimers on 2019/01/21

I have a bunch of [WayBack] FRITZ!WLAN Repeater 1750E | Overview | AVM International devices; this is the quickest way to install them as LAN -> WiFi bridge (connect ethernet to your LAN; use the WiFi as a bridge).

  1. Connect the FRITZ!WLAN to your LAN
  2. Connect the FRITZ!WLAN to power
  3. Connect your laptop to the WiFi SSID FRITZ!WLAN Repeater 1750E with password 00000000 (that eight times a zero)
  4. Set your laptop with a fixed IP address 192.168.178.127 with netmask 255.255.255.0 and gateway 192.168.178.2 for WiFi.
  5. Connect to your FRITZ!WLAN at http://192.168.178.2
  6. Setup your FRITZ!WLAN for the first time (password, country) and have it reboot
  7. Logon to the FRITZ!WLAN
  8. Change the WiFI password and the SSID for 2.4 Ghz and 5.0 Ghz channels (I use a different SSID for both as many Fritz!Box devices have both bad 2.4Ghz performance and a hard time to automatically switch from 2.4Ghz to 5.0Ghz on the same SSID automagically).
  9. Change your laptop to use DHCP on WiFi
  10. Reconnect to the Fritz!Box with the new SSID and password

–jeroen

Posted in Fritz!, Fritz!WLAN, Internet, Power User | Leave a Comment »

Raspberry Pi cannot be woken up by WOL, but it can send, and there is Whack-on-LAN

Posted by jpluimers on 2019/01/17

Cool stuff if you want to make your own WOL devices out of spare parts.

From old to new:

They can be woken up by anything sending magic WOL packets, including Raspberry Pi (which cannot be woken up by them, though you could use a Whack-on-LAN for that).

Basically the Raspberry Pi cannot be woken up with WOL because of a few reasons:

  1. The ethernet chip is connected over USB so it cannot pass the WOL result further on.
  2. If it could, there still is no BIOS to process the WOL result.
  3. When it is halted but has power, the CPU isn’t active. The GPU is, but cannot process the WOL.

It can be a WOL server though: [WayBack] Raspberry Pi As Wake on LAN Server: 5 Steps (with Pictures)

–jeroen

Posted in Development, Ethernet, Hardware Development, Network-and-equipment, Power User, Raspberry Pi, Wake-on-LAN (WoL) | Leave a Comment »

Tools for TCP tunnels over HTTP/HTTPS

Posted by jpluimers on 2019/01/16

With the advent of WebSockets, it looks like TCP tunnels over HTTP/HTTPS are gaining more ground and I need to put some research time in them.

Some old to new links:

CONNECT requests are not supported by many HTTP proxies, especially in larger organisations, so chisel and crowbar have a much bigger chance there.

And of course there is SoftEtherVPN/SoftEtherVPN: A Free Cross-platform Multi-protocol VPN Software. * For support, troubleshooting and feature requests we have http://www.vpnusers.com/. For critical vulnerability please email us. (mail address is on the header.).

However, that is a VPN solution which is much broader than just a single TCP tunnel. You can so similar things with OpenVPN, but over HTTP/HTTPS, also requires CONNECT:

SoftEtherVPN seems to be more versatile though. I blogged about that before, but back then didn’t have needs for it yet. VPN over HTTPS: Ultimate Powerful VPN Connectivity – SoftEther VPN Project.

–jeroen

via: [WayBack] VPN through only http – Server Fault answer by [WayBack] neutrinus

Posted in Communications Development, Development, HTTP, https, Internet protocol suite, Network-and-equipment, OpenVPN, Power User, TCP, VPN, WebSockets, Windows-Http-Proxy | Leave a Comment »

Reminder to self: see how widespread support for the TCP BBR congestion control algorithm is.

Posted by jpluimers on 2019/01/14

The TCP BBR congestion control algorithm was introduced in September 2016 and became available in Linux kernel 4.9 in July 2017 after being in the news for a good 5 months (see links below). It strives for better bandwidth use and lowering latency on big data pipes.

This post is a reminder myself to see how widespread that is on recent distributions for both end-user and server systems.

Via:

–jeroen

Posted in Network-and-equipment, Power User | Leave a Comment »

Strange MAC addresses starting FA:8F:CA without OUI in your network? They are Locally Administered Addresses and likely from Google.

Posted by jpluimers on 2019/01/07

A while ago, I write about Locally Administered Addresses: a few series of MAC addresses you can use on your local network: MAC address ranges safe for testing purposes (Locally Administered Address).

A while ago, I found ones in my network and ones in my WiFi SSID survey starting with FA:8F:CA. They did not show up in the Wireshark · OUI Lookup Tool nor their manufacturer database.

But with bit 7 turned off they start with F8:8F:CA which does show up as “F8:8F:CA Google, Inc.”

They appear to be Google devices, in my case Google ChromeCast ones, though they can also be Google Home ones.

Google does “magic” with networks, just look at a few of the links here:

–jeroen

Posted in Ethernet, Google, Internet, Network-and-equipment, Power User, Ubiquiti, WiFi | Leave a Comment »

No more https://www.whatsapp.com/cidr.txt

Posted by jpluimers on 2018/12/11

Not sure when this happened but the CIDR list is no more [WayBack] https://www.whatsapp.com/cidr.txt:

Dear partners,
Please note that we have migrated the latest IP pools of WhatsApp to Facebook Mobile Partner Portal. Feel free to browse to the Settings page of the portal and download the latest WhatsApp IP pool: https://fb.me/mpp_support 
Further IP pool updates are also done through the portal and are no longer distributed via email or through WhatsApp web site.
If you have not yet registered on the Mobile Partner Portal or have difficulties accessing it - please request access through the following form and we'll be happy to assist: https://fb.me/mpp_access
For any technical requests please contact us through the Support section of the portal: https://fb.me/mpp_support 
WhatsApp team

In the past it was the place to get the CIDR so you could either block or allow WhatsApp traffic: [earlier WayBack]

It is still widely cited as way to regulate WhatsApp traffic, for instance at these places:

Time to find an automated way to get the replacement list. Maybe the below helps (via [WayBack] Block facebook messenger and whatsApp on Dlink router – Super User)

whois -h whois.radb.net '!gAS32934'

–jeroen

Posted in Android Devices, Development, Internet, Network-and-equipment, Power User, routers, SocialMedia, Software Development, Ubiquiti, WhatsApp, WhatsApp for Android, WiFi | Leave a Comment »

How to configure pfSense as multi wan (DUAL WAN) load balance failover router – nixCraft

Posted by jpluimers on 2018/12/03

This will come in useful one day:

Notes for monitoring at [WayBack] Multi-WAN – PFSenseDocs: Gateway Groups

  • monitoring packet loss on ADSL is cumbersome depending on the ADSL distance
  • member down is the easiest to monitor, but on fiber can fail to detect packet loss (the connection seems online, but in fact doesn’t provide traffic)

–jeroen

Posted in Internet, pfSense, Power User, routers | Leave a Comment »

Not all Fritz!Box devices can be upgraded to the most recent firmware

Posted by jpluimers on 2018/11/30

I forgot to document this earlier.

Many Fritz!Box devices cannot be upgraded to recent firmwares. The behaviour differs on hardware revisions of the same model. I’ve seen it happen on Fritz!Box 7360 devices, but others are could be affected too.

You can get the firmware revision using the trick here: FRITZ!Box call http://fritz.box/cgi-bin/system_status.

If your hardware revision is affected, do not expose it to the outside world.

You could still turn it into a local switch though: [WayBack] Convert FRITZ!Box 7360 to Managed Switch (or even Access Point) having it’s own IP address: Setting up the FRITZ!Box as an IP client.

I did this before even discovering about the hardware revision limits as I wanted to keep the full phone history when migrating from ADSL to fiber (which came with a brand new Fritz!Box 7490) and could use the extra LAN ports.

Fritz!Box 7360 hardware revision v1: limited to firmware 06.3x

Read the rest of this entry »

Posted in Fritz!, Fritz!Box, Internet, Power User | Leave a Comment »

Parsing simple html in Python

Posted by jpluimers on 2018/11/29

Was working to get fritzcap to emit a list of interfaces so I could specify which one to capture.

For that I needed to parse the output of http://fritz.box/capture.lua which consists of HTML fragments like below.

What I needed was for each consecutive entries of [WayBack] th and first [WayBack] button tags:

  • content of the th tag
  • content of the value attribute of the button tag having a type="submit" attribute and name=start attribute

So before starting to work on it, I created [WayBack] In order to fix #5, print a list of available interfaces to potentially capture from · Issue #6 · jpluimers/fritzcap

The goal was to get a series of key/value pairs:

4-138 = AP2 (2.4 + 5 GHz, ath1) - Interface 1
4-137 = AP2 (2.4 + 5 GHz, ath1) - Interface 0
4-132 = AP (2.4 GHz, ath0) - Interface 1
4-131 = AP (2.4 GHz, ath0) - Interface 0
4-129 = HW (2.4 GHz, wifi0) - Interface 0
4-128 = WLAN Management Traffic - Interface 0a

So I built a class descending from [WayBack] HTMLParser — Simple HTML and XHTML parser that ships with the [WayBack] Python standard libraries.

If in the future I need more complex HTML parsing, then these links will help me choosing more feature rich parsers:

Back to the HTMLParser descendant in interfaces_dumper.py which can basically be condensed down to the code below.

  • handle_data is called for both start tags and end tags. The th value in data is only present in the start tag (at the time of end tag the data is empty), so you need to keep track of both last_start_tag and last_end_tag.
  • handle_endtag maintains last_end_tag to help handle_data.
  • handle_starttag maintains last_start_tag to help handle_data and also handles the button behaviour.
    • The buttonis only relevant if it has type="submit" and name="start" and a value attribute in that order.
    • Output is in data which is an array of key/value pairs.

Read the rest of this entry »

Posted in Development, Fritz!, Fritz!Box, fritzcap, Internet, Power User, Python, Scripting, Software Development | Leave a Comment »

Fritz!Box LUA links on my research list

Posted by jpluimers on 2018/11/27

I’m not sure around which firmware versions Fritz!Box started to implement LUA links, but they are now on my research list.

Below a reference and where I found them.

A few notes first:

  • There are many duplicates, which in due time I need to de-duplicate.
  • The .lua links seem to override the old cgi-bin links (that are partially reverse engineered at [WayBack] Category:Befehle in /usr/www/cgi-bin – Fritz!Box).
  • Usually, .lua links require a SID. In the web-ui, a Fritz!Box very much tries to hide that SID from URLs in the browser address bar (especially for firmware versions 06.50 and up) so the easiest to get them is this:
    1. Login to your Fritz!Box
    2. Manually copy any of the URLs in the left side
    3. Take the SID from there.
  • More recent firmware versions hide the .lua links too, but you can see them when monitoring your network traffic in the developer mode of your web browser

Logging in programmatically needs a challenge response mechanism. It used to be at [Wayback] http://www.avm.de/de/Extern/Technical_Note_Session_ID.pdf but now has moved to [Wayback/Archive.is] https://avm.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Global/Service/Schnittstellen/AVM_Technical_Note_-_Session_ID.pdf

Here is the list:

Read the rest of this entry »

Posted in Development, Fritz!, Fritz!Box, Hardware Development, Hardware Interfacing, Internet, Power User | Leave a Comment »

« Previous Entries
Next Entries »