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Jeroen W. Pluimers on .NET, C#, Delphi, databases, and personal interests

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Archive for the ‘Tumbleweed’ Category

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OpenSuSE: multi-megabyte binary blob `/etc/udev/hwdb.bin` does not need to be versioned with `etckeeper` – via Unix & Linux Stack Exchange

Posted by jpluimers on 2019/04/22

I wondered [WayBack] linux – Why is this a binary multi-megabyte blob /etc/udev/hwdb.bin under /etc? – Unix & Linux Stack Exchange.

All my OpenSuSE systems had the /etc/udev/hwdb.bin file with sizes varying between 7.5 and 10 megabytes with many of the zypper dist-upgrade causing updates.

Luckily the system also contains these files which had valid unit definitions, so the file was generated/updated during boot:

  • /usr/bin/systemd-hwdb
  • /usr/lib/systemd/system/sysinit.target.wants/systemd-hwdb-up‌​date.service
  • /usr/lib/systemd/system/systemd-hwdb-update.service

Thanks [WayBack] nwildner for answering that question!

So after installing etckeeper and performing etckeeper init you can immediately remove it from the git repository:

# cd /etc
# git rm --cached /etc/udev/hwdb.bin
rm 'udev/hwdb.bin'
# git commit -m "no need for /etc/udev/hwdb.bin to be under revision control as systemd-hwdb maintains it"

For more background, see [WayBack] How to make Git “forget” about a file that was tracked but is now in .gitignore? – Stack Overflow.

–jeroen

 

Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, etckeeper, Linux, openSuSE, Power User, SuSE Linux, systemd, Tumbleweed | Leave a Comment »

Default OpenSuSE Postfix main.cf forgets to configure SASL for cyrus…

Posted by jpluimers on 2019/04/15

If you see the below in your Postfix log when trying to test your config, then the SASL configuration is empty. Oddly that seems the default on OpenSuSE for a while now, despite it providing cyrus SASL out of the box.

Sep 15 14:30:07 katrien postfix/smtpd[12719]: fatal: bad string length 0 < 1: smtpd_sasl_path =
Sep 15 14:30:08 katrien postfix/master[12400]: warning: process /usr/lib/postfix/smtpd pid 12719 exit status 1
Sep 15 14:30:08 katrien postfix/master[12400]: warning: /usr/lib/postfix/smtpd: bad command startup -- throttling

Prior OpenSuSE versions had this in /etc/postfix/main.cf:

# SASL stuff
############################################################
smtp_sasl_auth_enable = no
smtp_sasl_security_options =
smtp_sasl_password_maps =
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = no
#smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth
#smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot

Newer OpenSuSE versions have this:

# SASL stuff
############################################################
smtp_sasl_auth_enable = no
smtp_sasl_security_options =
smtp_sasl_password_maps =
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = no
# cyrus : smtpd_sasl_type = cyrus, smtpd_sasl_path = smtpd
# dovecot : smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot, smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth
smtpd_sasl_path =
smtpd_sasl_type = 

Despite the newer having these installed:

# rpm -qa | grep cyrus
cyrus-sasl-crammd5-2.1.26-14.2.aarch64
cyrus-sasl-2.1.26-14.2.aarch64
cyrus-sasl-plain-2.1.26-14.2.aarch64
cyrus-sasl-digestmd5-2.1.26-14.2.aarch64
cyrus-sasl-gssapi-2.1.26-14.2.aarch64

Solution:

smtpd_sasl_path = smtpd
smtpd_sasl_type = cyrus

Since the values for both lines are default, you could even comment them out; see the documentation:

–jeroen

Via: [WayBack] postfix IRC logs [July 26 – 2007]

Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, Linux, openSuSE, postfix, Power User, SuSE Linux, Tumbleweed | Leave a Comment »

Passwordless SSH

Posted by jpluimers on 2019/01/22

Note: if the system you SSH from is ever compromised, then assume the passwordless targets are also compromised!

–jeroen

Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, Communications Development, Development, Internet protocol suite, Linux, openSuSE, Power User, SSH, SuSE Linux, TCP, Tumbleweed | Leave a Comment »

Testing SMTP from the console on Linux, BSD and Mac OS: swaks and smtp-cli Perl script clients

Posted by jpluimers on 2019/01/03

Testing SMTP using telnet is tedious as you have to remember the commands and responses in the SMTP protocol. It gets even harder when doing SMTP AUTH, as then you have to base encode a bunch of strings [WayBack] How to Test SMTP AUTH using Telnet [Wiki] | NDCHost

Luckily there is a Perl script swaks: [WayBack] Swaks – Swiss Army Knife for SMTP which does ESMTP and LMTP as well as TLS.

The funny thing is that the repository at jetmore/swaks: Swaks – Swiss Army Knife for SMTP only has the readme, but the not the script which you can get from [WayBack] swaks.pl.

Despite that, most Linux distributions have an installation package.

[WayBack] swaks for OpenSuse is in the [WayBack] network repository, so for Tumbleweed (actually: Factory) on Raspberry Pi you need to perform this:

zypper addrepo http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/network/openSUSE_Factory_ARM/network.repo
zypper refresh
zypper install swaks

On Mac OS X it is even easier: if you have the homebrew package manager installed, you just install the [WayBack] swaks formula using the [WayBack] swaks.rb script:

brew install swaks

Note there is also the smtp-cli Perl script which I mentioned before at Fake/Mock SMTP servers and services for use during development, which also does TLS, but few environments have ready built packages for them. If you still want to try it out:

For SMTP AUTH:

swaks -tls --to jeroen.wiert.me@pluimers.com --from jeroen.wiert.me@pluimers.com --server smtp.xs4all.nl --auth-user username

Which prompts for the password, then outputs like this:

=== Trying smtp.xs4all.nl:25...
=== Connected to smtp.xs4all.nl.
<- 220 smtp-cloud3.xs4all.net ESMTP ESMTP server ready -> EHLO rmbpro1tbjwp
<-  250-smtp-cloud3.xs4all.net hello [188.206.68.219], pleased to meet you
<-  250-HELP
<-  250-AUTH LOGIN PLAIN
<-  250-SIZE 157286400
<-  250-8BITMIME
<-  250-STARTTLS
<- 250 OK -> STARTTLS
<- 220 Ready to start TLS === TLS started with cipher TLSv1:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:256 === TLS no local certificate set === TLS peer DN="/OU=Domain Control Validated/OU=PositiveSSL Wildcard/CN=*.xs4all.nl" ~> EHLO rmbpro1tbjwp
<~  250-smtp-cloud3.xs4all.net hello [188.206.68.219], pleased to meet you
<~  250-HELP
<~  250-AUTH LOGIN PLAIN
<~  250-SIZE 157286400
<~  250-8BITMIME
<~ 250 OK ~> AUTH LOGIN
<~ 334 ############ ~> anA=
<~ 334 ############ ~> ############################
<~ 235 ... authentication succeeded ~> MAIL FROM:<jeroen.wiert.me@pluimers.com>
<~  250 <jeroen.wiert.me@pluimers.com> sender ok
 ~> RCPT TO:<jeroen.wiert.me@pluimers.com>
<~  250 <jeroen.wiert.me@pluimers.com> recipient ok
 ~> DATA
<~ 354 enter mail, end with "." on a line by itself ~> Date: Wed, 19 Jul 2017 09:09:57 +0200
 ~> To: jeroen.wiert.me@pluimers.com
 ~> From: jeroen.wiert.me@pluimers.com
 ~> Subject: test Wed, 19 Jul 2017 09:09:57 +0200
 ~> Message-Id: <20170719090957.052207@rmbpro1tbjwp>
 ~> X-Mailer: swaks v20170101.0 jetmore.org/john/code/swaks/
 ~> 
 ~> This is a test mailing
 ~> 
 ~> .
<~ 250 smtp-cloud3.xs4all.net accepted mail mXA71v00C4jr6ac01XA9Bo for delivery ~> QUIT
<~  221 smtp-cloud3.xs4all.net ESMTP closing connection
=== Connection closed with remote host.

–jeroen

Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, Communications Development, Development, Hardware Development, Internet protocol suite, Linux, openSuSE, Power User, Raspberry Pi, SMTP, SuSE Linux, Tumbleweed | Leave a Comment »

Easy Running of Scripts at Boot and Shutdown – SUSE Blog | SUSE Communities

Posted by jpluimers on 2019/01/01

Cool:

/etc/init.d/after.local

–jeroen

Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, bash, Development, Linux, openSuSE, Power User, Scripting, Software Development, SuSE Linux, Tumbleweed | Leave a Comment »

zypper history notes/links

Posted by jpluimers on 2018/12/31

For my archive:

cut -d "|" -f 1-4 -s --output-delimiter " | " /var/log/zypp/history | grep -v " radd "

For comparisons with other package managers, see: [WayBack] Linux Package Managers – Kyle’s Wiki

–jeroen

Posted in *nix, Debian, Linux, openSuSE, Power User, SuSE Linux, Tumbleweed, Ubuntu | Leave a Comment »

Links for Nagios openSuSE Tumbleweed monitoring (including Android devices)

Posted by jpluimers on 2018/12/13

For my link archive:

Non-stable repos:

–jeroen

Posted in *nix, Linux, Monitoring, Nagios, openSuSE, Power User, SuSE Linux, Tumbleweed | Leave a Comment »

SSH: Connection Reset by Peer – Server Fault

Posted by jpluimers on 2018/11/22

One occasion I had SSH throw a Connection Reset by Peer on my when was the SD-card of a Raspberry Pi started failing and the ext4 filesystem got mounted in read-only mode.

Then sshd was still listening on port 22, but since it could not write to disk any more, it threw a Connection Reset by Peer to the client.

It was on OpenSuSE Tumbleweed, but would failed just as well using Raspbian.

Lessons learned:

  • IoT hardware will fail.
  • ext4 breaks when the hardware breaks.

–jeroen

Reference:

Posted in *nix, *nix-tools, Debian, Development, Hardware Development, IoT Internet of Things, Linux, Network-and-equipment, openSuSE, Power User, Raspberry Pi, Raspbian, SuSE Linux, Tumbleweed | Leave a Comment »

Install on openSUSE / SLES – Zabbix.org

Posted by jpluimers on 2018/10/29

Interesting: [Archive.is] Install on openSUSE / SLES – Zabbix.org is possible and there are packages for this on the OpenSuSE site itself for the various kinds of distributions.

For instance, Tumbleweed is at http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/server:/monitoring/openSUSE_Tumbleweed/

Good introductions on Zabbix are via [WayBack] Stephen Fritz on Systems Engineering: Installing and Configuring Basic Zabbix Functionality on Debian Wheezy who has a [Archive.is] zabbix tag.

Other links are at Welcome to workaround.org – tips around open source and Linux stuff.

And there is www.zabbix.com/documentation

–jeroen

Posted in *nix, Linux, openSuSE, Power User, SuSE Linux, Tumbleweed | Leave a Comment »

Not cool: openSuse Tumbleweed switched DHCP clientID algorithm on Raspberry Pi 3, so now all devices get a non-static DHCP address

Posted by jpluimers on 2018/09/15

Not sure in which changeset this happened, but here is one example:

  1. old DHCP client ID 1:b8:27:eb:1a:b1:ec
  2. new DHCP client ID ff:eb:78:a9:4:0:1:0:1:22:6:67:49:b8:27:eb:78:a9:4

The first one was marked static in the DHCP server, which means the Raspberry Pi now did get a different IP address.

This messes up a few places that cannot do proper address resolution.

Anyone who knows where this has changed / is configured?

These did not help finding the cause:

Edit

As commented by Leen below, this is about

Wicked changed its defaults to use this DHCPv6 compatible RFC4361 client-id in favour of the older RFC2132 client-id. However, this has caused some issues with older DHCPv4 servers and existing setups where the client-id stored by the server is used to assign a (static) address. It is recommended to fix this server-side, but still, wicked provides several ways of addressing this issue

So here are some links:

–jeroen

Posted in *nix, Hardware Development, Linux, openSuSE, Power User, Raspberry Pi, SuSE Linux, Tumbleweed | 6 Comments »

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